Fact Check: "The Renewable Fuel Standard requires that ethanol from new plants must deliver a 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to gasoline."
What We Know
The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program, established under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 and expanded by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, mandates that certain volumes of renewable fuel be used to replace fossil fuels in various applications, including transportation and home heating (US EPA). A critical component of this program is the requirement for renewable fuels to achieve specific reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to a baseline established in 2005.
According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), conventional biofuels, which primarily include ethanol derived from corn starch, must achieve a 20% reduction in lifecycle GHG emissions compared to gasoline, as mandated for new facilities built after 2007 (US EPA.
Analysis
The claim that the RFS requires new ethanol plants to deliver a 20% reduction in GHG emissions is substantiated by multiple credible sources. The EPA's guidelines explicitly state that renewable fuels must achieve this reduction compared to the 2005 petroleum baseline (US EPA). Furthermore, the Alternative Fuels Data Center corroborates this requirement, indicating that conventional biofuels produced in plants built after 2007 must demonstrate a 20% reduction in lifecycle GHG emissions.
The Government Accountability Office (GAO) also supports this assertion, noting that conventional biofuels from new facilities must achieve GHG emissions at least 20% lower than traditional petroleum-based fuels (GAO). This consistency across multiple authoritative sources enhances the reliability of the information.
While some critiques of the RFS program exist, particularly regarding its overall effectiveness in reducing GHG emissions, these critiques do not negate the specific requirements set forth for new ethanol plants under the program. The focus of the claim is on the regulatory requirement itself, which is clearly defined in the legislation and supported by the EPA's implementation of the program.
Conclusion
Verdict: True
The claim that the Renewable Fuel Standard requires that ethanol from new plants must deliver a 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to gasoline is accurate. This requirement is explicitly stated in the regulations governing the RFS program and is supported by multiple credible sources, including the EPA and GAO.
Sources
- Overview of the Renewable Fuel Standard Program | US EPA
- [Overview of the Renewable Fuel Standard Program | US EPA](https://www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program/overview-renewable-fuel-standard-program#:~:text=Renewable%20fuel%20(or%20conventional%20biofuel,a%2020%25%20lifecycle%20GHG%20reduction.)
- Renewable Fuel Standard | US EPA
- Renewable Fuel Standard - Alternative Fuels Data Center
- What is a Fuel Pathway? | US EPA
- Renewable Fuel Standard: Information on Likely Program Effects on ...
- Technical Highlights: EPA Lifecycle Analysis of Greenhouse Gas ...
- GAO-19-47, RENEWABLE FUEL STANDARD: Information on Likely Program ...