Fact Check: Non-citizens are getting social security numbers

Non-Citizens Are Getting Social Security Numbers: A Fact-Check

Introduction

The claim that "non-citizens are getting social security numbers" has surfaced in various discussions, particularly in the context of immigration policy and social welfare programs. This assertion raises questions about the eligibility of non-citizens for Social Security numbers (SSNs) and the implications of their access to such benefits. This article will explore the facts surrounding this claim, examine the evidence, and analyze the sources that discuss this issue.

What We Know

1. Eligibility for SSNs: According to the Social Security Administration (SSA), non-citizens can apply for an SSN if they have current employment authorization. This includes those who are legally present in the U.S. and meet specific eligibility requirements, such as holding a valid visa that allows for employment 23.

2. Types of Non-Citizens: Non-citizens eligible for SSNs include lawful permanent residents (green card holders), individuals with work visas, and certain other categories of immigrants. The SSA specifies that non-citizens must provide documentation proving their immigration status and work authorization when applying for an SSN 14.

3. Social Security Benefits: Lawfully present non-citizens who have worked in the U.S. and contributed to Social Security through payroll taxes may qualify for Social Security benefits, provided they meet the necessary criteria 38. However, not all non-citizens are eligible for these benefits; for example, undocumented immigrants are generally not eligible.

4. Supplemental Security Income (SSI): Non-citizens may also qualify for SSI if they meet specific requirements, such as being a qualified alien or meeting certain immigration status criteria 58.

5. Statistics and Claims: Recent discussions have included claims that millions of non-citizens are receiving SSNs. However, specific statistics or reliable data supporting such assertions are often lacking or anecdotal 10.

Analysis

The sources cited provide a mix of official information and commentary on the eligibility of non-citizens for Social Security numbers.

• Government Sources: The SSA's publications 135 are primary sources that outline the eligibility criteria for non-citizens seeking SSNs. These documents are credible as they come from the official agency responsible for administering Social Security in the U.S. However, they may not address the broader implications or public perceptions surrounding non-citizen access to SSNs.

• Legislative Analysis: The Congressional Research Service (CRS) report 2 offers a detailed examination of noncitizen eligibility for employment authorization and SSNs. CRS is generally considered a reliable source, providing non-partisan analysis for Congress. However, the report's focus on legal frameworks may not fully capture the public sentiment or political discourse surrounding this issue.

• Media Reports: Articles from outlets like AARP 8 and NewsNation 10 provide insights into public concerns and anecdotal evidence regarding non-citizen access to SSNs. While these sources can highlight real-world implications, they may also reflect biases or sensationalism, particularly in the context of immigration debates.

• Potential Bias: Some sources may have inherent biases based on their organizational missions or the political context in which they operate. For instance, advocacy groups may emphasize the positive aspects of non-citizen contributions to Social Security, while critics may focus on potential abuses of the system.

• Methodological Concerns: Claims regarding the number of non-citizens receiving SSNs often lack robust statistical backing. More comprehensive studies or surveys would be beneficial to provide a clearer picture of the situation.

Conclusion

Verdict: True

The claim that non-citizens are obtaining Social Security numbers is substantiated by the eligibility criteria set forth by the Social Security Administration (SSA). Non-citizens who have legal employment authorization, such as lawful permanent residents and individuals with work visas, can indeed apply for and receive SSNs. This conclusion is supported by credible sources, including official SSA documentation and legislative analysis.

However, it is essential to recognize the nuances surrounding this issue. While non-citizens can receive SSNs, not all non-citizens are eligible, particularly undocumented immigrants who do not meet the necessary criteria. Furthermore, discussions about the number of non-citizens receiving SSNs often lack robust statistical evidence, which can lead to exaggerated claims.

Readers should be aware of the limitations in the available evidence and the potential biases in various sources discussing this topic. It is crucial to critically evaluate information and consider the broader context of immigration policy and social welfare when interpreting these findings.

Sources

1. Social Security Numbers For Noncitizens. Social Security Administration. Link
2. Noncitizen Eligibility for Employment Authorization and Social Security Numbers. Congressional Research Service. Link
3. Can noncitizens receive Social Security benefits or SSI? Social Security Administration. Link
4. RM 10211.600 - Requests for an SSN from a Noncitizen. Social Security Administration. Link
5. Spotlight on SSI Benefits for Noncitizens. Social Security Administration. Link
6. POMS: RM 10211.420 - Employment Authorization for Noncitizens. Social Security Administration. Link
7. Eligibility for Non-U.S. Citizens. Federal Student Aid. Link
8. Can non-U.S. citizens receive Social Security benefits? AARP. Link
9. Setting the Record Straight on Social Security. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Link
10. How many migrants are receiving Social Security numbers? NewsNation. Link