Fact Check: Drinking water contaminated with Pfas poses risks to human health.

Fact Check: Drinking water contaminated with Pfas poses risks to human health.

Published July 1, 2025
VERDICT
True

# Fact Check: "Drinking water contaminated with PFAS poses risks to human health." ## What We Know Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a l...

Fact Check: "Drinking water contaminated with PFAS poses risks to human health."

What We Know

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic chemicals used in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and construction. These substances are known for their persistence in the environment and human body, leading to widespread contamination of soil, air, and water, particularly drinking water (NIEHS). Research indicates that PFAS can accumulate in human blood, with studies showing that 97% of Americans have detectable levels of these chemicals (NIEHS).

Health concerns associated with PFAS exposure include altered metabolism, increased risk of certain cancers, and immune system suppression (NIEHS). The National Toxicology Program has identified specific PFAS compounds, such as PFOA and PFOS, as hazards to human health, particularly regarding immune function (NIEHS).

Analysis

The claim that drinking water contaminated with PFAS poses risks to human health is supported by substantial scientific evidence. Numerous studies have linked PFAS exposure to adverse health outcomes, including increased risks of cancer, thyroid disease, and immune system dysfunction (NIEHS). The persistence of PFAS in the environment and their ability to bioaccumulate in human tissues further heighten these risks (NIEHS).

The reliability of the sources cited is strong, as they originate from reputable organizations such as the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). These institutions conduct and support extensive research on PFAS and their effects on human health and the environment (ECHA, ECHA).

However, it is important to note that while there is a growing body of evidence indicating health risks from PFAS, the complexity and variability of these chemicals pose challenges for researchers. Ongoing studies are necessary to fully understand the extent of health impacts and the mechanisms by which PFAS affect human health (NIEHS, ECHA).

Conclusion

Verdict: True
The claim that drinking water contaminated with PFAS poses risks to human health is substantiated by extensive research linking PFAS exposure to various health issues. The persistence of these chemicals in the environment and their prevalence in human populations further supports the conclusion that they pose significant health risks.

Sources

  1. Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) - NIEHS
  2. Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) - NIEHS PDF
  3. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) - NIEHS Research
  4. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) - ECHA
  5. The PFAS Restriction Proposal - ECHA
  6. Progress document - ECHA
  7. Scientific evaluation of the proposal to restrict per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) - ECHA
  8. All news - ECHA

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Fact Check: Dear Ms. Clay,

Thank you for reaching out to inquire about these important questions—it's always encouraging to hear from residents who take an active interest in the health and infrastructure safety of our community.

1. Fluoride in Tombstone Water:
•	Tombstone does not add fluoride to its municipal water supply.
•	Testing results show fluoride levels well under federal safety limits, averaging around 0.3 to 0.34 ppm, far below the EPA's maximum of 4 ppm.
•	The EPA’s Safe Drinking Water System database confirms no fluoride violations for our system in the past decade (EWG, EWG).
2. EMFs from Cell Towers:
•	Any cell towers in our area are required to meet FCC limits for EMF emissions, well below levels regarded as harmful.
•	Although some residents worry about long-term exposure, there is no credible evidence that FCC-compliant towers pose health risks.
3. Upcoming Treatment Plant Tour:
•	The City is organizing a guided tour of the Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants next week and we’d be pleased to have you join once the date is finalized.

If you'd like to keep on top of the water quality reports, you can visit the City’s Annual Drinking Water Quality Report page here:
🔗 https://cityoftombstoneaz.gov/public-works-department/

Please feel free to let me know if you'd like a spot on the plant tour. I’ll send details once it’s scheduled.
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Fact Check: Dear Ms. Clay, Thank you for reaching out to inquire about these important questions—it's always encouraging to hear from residents who take an active interest in the health and infrastructure safety of our community. 1. Fluoride in Tombstone Water: • Tombstone does not add fluoride to its municipal water supply. • Testing results show fluoride levels well under federal safety limits, averaging around 0.3 to 0.34 ppm, far below the EPA's maximum of 4 ppm. • The EPA’s Safe Drinking Water System database confirms no fluoride violations for our system in the past decade (EWG, EWG). 2. EMFs from Cell Towers: • Any cell towers in our area are required to meet FCC limits for EMF emissions, well below levels regarded as harmful. • Although some residents worry about long-term exposure, there is no credible evidence that FCC-compliant towers pose health risks. 3. Upcoming Treatment Plant Tour: • The City is organizing a guided tour of the Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants next week and we’d be pleased to have you join once the date is finalized. If you'd like to keep on top of the water quality reports, you can visit the City’s Annual Drinking Water Quality Report page here: 🔗 https://cityoftombstoneaz.gov/public-works-department/ Please feel free to let me know if you'd like a spot on the plant tour. I’ll send details once it’s scheduled.

Detailed fact-check analysis of: Dear Ms. Clay, Thank you for reaching out to inquire about these important questions—it's always encouraging to hear from residents who take an active interest in the health and infrastructure safety of our community. 1. Fluoride in Tombstone Water: • Tombstone does not add fluoride to its municipal water supply. • Testing results show fluoride levels well under federal safety limits, averaging around 0.3 to 0.34 ppm, far below the EPA's maximum of 4 ppm. • The EPA’s Safe Drinking Water System database confirms no fluoride violations for our system in the past decade (EWG, EWG). 2. EMFs from Cell Towers: • Any cell towers in our area are required to meet FCC limits for EMF emissions, well below levels regarded as harmful. • Although some residents worry about long-term exposure, there is no credible evidence that FCC-compliant towers pose health risks. 3. Upcoming Treatment Plant Tour: • The City is organizing a guided tour of the Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants next week and we’d be pleased to have you join once the date is finalized. If you'd like to keep on top of the water quality reports, you can visit the City’s Annual Drinking Water Quality Report page here: 🔗 https://cityoftombstoneaz.gov/public-works-department/ Please feel free to let me know if you'd like a spot on the plant tour. I’ll send details once it’s scheduled.

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Fact Check: Autistic Non-Verbal Episodes in Marriage: Why Words Vanish Sometimes and What to Do About It Neurodiverse Couples Tuesday, august 12, 2025. Here’s the scene: You’re in the middle of a conversation with your spouse. Maybe the topic is small (“Did you pay the water bill?”) or monumental (“Are we happy?”). And then—without warning—your autistic partner’s voice disappears. No yelling, no slammed doors. Just… gone. You’re left holding the conversational steering wheel while they’ve quietly climbed into the trunk. If you’ve never lived with high-functioning autism, this can be tragically misconstrued as stonewalling or contempt. It isn’t. It’s just neurology pulling the emergency brake. Why This Happens: The Science Without the Lab Coat Smell For autistic adults, losing speech under stress is often a shutdown—a form of nervous system overload that knocks language production offline. Think of it like your phone freezing: all the apps are still there, but none of them open when you tap. Research calls this autistic burnout when it happens in a longer, chronic cycle—linked to masking (Hull et al., 2017; Raymaker et al., 2020). Masking is the art of “performing normal” so well that non-autistic people think you’re fine. The issue is that it eats through your energy reserves like a car idling in traffic with the A/C on full blast (Mantzalas et al., 2022). Eventually, one hard conversation can tip you from functional to frozen. And here’s where couples therapy meets neuroscience: physiological flooding—the body’s fight/flight/freeze switch—is a known relationship killer (Malik et al., 2019; Gottman Institute, 2024). In other words, for some autistic partners, flooding may tend to show up sooner, last longer, and is more likely to pull the plug on speech entirely. The Danger Loop in Marriage Autistic partner goes non-verbal — brain says “nope.” Non-autistic partner reads it as avoidance — brain says “attack.” Pressure increases — “Just say something.” Shutdown deepens — and now you’ve both lost. Do that a few hundred times and you’ll start conflating a physiological response into a moral failing. That’s the real marriage-killer. The Protocol: Three Phases, Zero Guesswork This is where we get practical. You can’t “love away” a temporary shutdown, but you can stop it from turning into World War III. Before: Build the Net Name the state. Agree on a phrase or signal ( I call this a couple code)—such as “words offline,” “shutdown,” a hand over the heart. The point is to make the invisible visible. The Shutdown Card. A literal card that says: I can’t speak right now. Please lower lights, reduce sound, give me X minutes. I promise I will circle back. The Pause Rule. Require a minimum of 20 minutes before resuming any tough talk. Autistic partner may need 90+. Agree ahead of time. Downgrade Kit. the usual gear; earplugs, soft light, weighted blanket, fidget, a quiet room. You know, human decency in object form. Reduce Daily Load. Avoid heavy talks right after work or big social events. Chronic overload makes a nervous shutdown more probable. During: Do Less, Better Autistic Partner: Give the signal. Exit stimulation. Switch channels if possible (text, notes app, yes/no cards). Send a short pre-written message: “Safe, can’t talk, back at 8:15.” Non-Autistic Partner: Acknowledge once—“Got it, I’m with you.” Hold the pause boundary. Lower stimuli. Go regulate your own nervous system—walk, journal, pet the dog. Don’t rehearse comebacks. Both: Avoid sarcasm, interrogation, ultimatums. Nothing lengthens a shutdown like moral outrage. After: Close the Loop Check in: “Are you ready to talk, or should we start in text?” Debrief: Identify triggers and what helped. Solve the actual problem. No conflict gets left to rot in the corner. Spot burnout early. If shutdowns start clustering, it’s time to reduce demands, not double them. How This Isn’t Stonewalling Stonewalling is a choice. Shutdown is a lockout. Stonewalling says, “I won’t talk to you.” Shutdown says, “I can’t talk to you yet, but I will.” The key difference? Repair intention. A shutdown protocol builds that right into the process. The Ten-Minute At-Home Drill Co-create your signal and card. Agree on a pause window. Pack the downgrade kit. Rehearse the exchange (“Got it, I’m with you.”). Check in weekly to tweak the system. Remember, you’re not aiming for zero shutdowns. You’re aiming for shorter, kinder, safer ones. Why This Works Because it matches lived autistic experience (Raymaker et al., 2020; Lewis et al., 2023). Because it honors nervous system limits instead of punishing them (Malik et al., 2019). Because it lets both partners keep their dignity and still solve the problem. In other words: you’re building a marriage that can survive the occasional moments when the words are gone for the time being. Be Well, Stay Kind, and Godspeed. REFERENCES: Hull, L., Mandy, W., Lai, M.-C., Baron-Cohen, S., Allison, C., Smith, P., & Petrides, K. V. (2017). “Putting on my best normal”: Social camouflaging in adults with autism spectrum conditions. Autism, 21(5), 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316671012 Raymaker, D. M., Teo, A. R., Steckler, N. A., Lentz, B., Scharer, M., Delos Santos, A., … & Nicolaidis, C. (2020). “Having all of your internal resources exhausted beyond measure and being left with no clean-up crew”: Defining autistic burnout. Autism in Adulthood, 2(2), 132–143. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2019.0079 Mantzalas, J., Richdale, A. L., Adikari, A., Lowe, J., & Dissanayake, C. (2022). What Is Autistic Burnout? A thematic analysis of posts on two online platforms. Autism in Adulthood, 4(1), 52–65. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2021.0079 Lewis, L. F., et al. (2023). The lived experience of meltdowns for autistic adults. Autism, 27(7), 1787–1799. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221145783 Malik, J., et al. (2019). Emotional flooding in response to negative affect in romantic relationships. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy, 18(4), 327–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332691.2019.1641188 Gottman Institute. (2024, March 4). Making sure emotional flooding doesn’t capsize your relationship. Retrieved from https://www.gottman.com/blog/making-sure-emotional-flooding-doesnt-capsize-your-relationship/

Detailed fact-check analysis of: Autistic Non-Verbal Episodes in Marriage: Why Words Vanish Sometimes and What to Do About It Neurodiverse Couples Tuesday, august 12, 2025. Here’s the scene: You’re in the middle of a conversation with your spouse. Maybe the topic is small (“Did you pay the water bill?”) or monumental (“Are we happy?”). And then—without warning—your autistic partner’s voice disappears. No yelling, no slammed doors. Just… gone. You’re left holding the conversational steering wheel while they’ve quietly climbed into the trunk. If you’ve never lived with high-functioning autism, this can be tragically misconstrued as stonewalling or contempt. It isn’t. It’s just neurology pulling the emergency brake. Why This Happens: The Science Without the Lab Coat Smell For autistic adults, losing speech under stress is often a shutdown—a form of nervous system overload that knocks language production offline. Think of it like your phone freezing: all the apps are still there, but none of them open when you tap. Research calls this autistic burnout when it happens in a longer, chronic cycle—linked to masking (Hull et al., 2017; Raymaker et al., 2020). Masking is the art of “performing normal” so well that non-autistic people think you’re fine. The issue is that it eats through your energy reserves like a car idling in traffic with the A/C on full blast (Mantzalas et al., 2022). Eventually, one hard conversation can tip you from functional to frozen. And here’s where couples therapy meets neuroscience: physiological flooding—the body’s fight/flight/freeze switch—is a known relationship killer (Malik et al., 2019; Gottman Institute, 2024). In other words, for some autistic partners, flooding may tend to show up sooner, last longer, and is more likely to pull the plug on speech entirely. The Danger Loop in Marriage Autistic partner goes non-verbal — brain says “nope.” Non-autistic partner reads it as avoidance — brain says “attack.” Pressure increases — “Just say something.” Shutdown deepens — and now you’ve both lost. Do that a few hundred times and you’ll start conflating a physiological response into a moral failing. That’s the real marriage-killer. The Protocol: Three Phases, Zero Guesswork This is where we get practical. You can’t “love away” a temporary shutdown, but you can stop it from turning into World War III. Before: Build the Net Name the state. Agree on a phrase or signal ( I call this a couple code)—such as “words offline,” “shutdown,” a hand over the heart. The point is to make the invisible visible. The Shutdown Card. A literal card that says: I can’t speak right now. Please lower lights, reduce sound, give me X minutes. I promise I will circle back. The Pause Rule. Require a minimum of 20 minutes before resuming any tough talk. Autistic partner may need 90+. Agree ahead of time. Downgrade Kit. the usual gear; earplugs, soft light, weighted blanket, fidget, a quiet room. You know, human decency in object form. Reduce Daily Load. Avoid heavy talks right after work or big social events. Chronic overload makes a nervous shutdown more probable. During: Do Less, Better Autistic Partner: Give the signal. Exit stimulation. Switch channels if possible (text, notes app, yes/no cards). Send a short pre-written message: “Safe, can’t talk, back at 8:15.” Non-Autistic Partner: Acknowledge once—“Got it, I’m with you.” Hold the pause boundary. Lower stimuli. Go regulate your own nervous system—walk, journal, pet the dog. Don’t rehearse comebacks. Both: Avoid sarcasm, interrogation, ultimatums. Nothing lengthens a shutdown like moral outrage. After: Close the Loop Check in: “Are you ready to talk, or should we start in text?” Debrief: Identify triggers and what helped. Solve the actual problem. No conflict gets left to rot in the corner. Spot burnout early. If shutdowns start clustering, it’s time to reduce demands, not double them. How This Isn’t Stonewalling Stonewalling is a choice. Shutdown is a lockout. Stonewalling says, “I won’t talk to you.” Shutdown says, “I can’t talk to you yet, but I will.” The key difference? Repair intention. A shutdown protocol builds that right into the process. The Ten-Minute At-Home Drill Co-create your signal and card. Agree on a pause window. Pack the downgrade kit. Rehearse the exchange (“Got it, I’m with you.”). Check in weekly to tweak the system. Remember, you’re not aiming for zero shutdowns. You’re aiming for shorter, kinder, safer ones. Why This Works Because it matches lived autistic experience (Raymaker et al., 2020; Lewis et al., 2023). Because it honors nervous system limits instead of punishing them (Malik et al., 2019). Because it lets both partners keep their dignity and still solve the problem. In other words: you’re building a marriage that can survive the occasional moments when the words are gone for the time being. Be Well, Stay Kind, and Godspeed. REFERENCES: Hull, L., Mandy, W., Lai, M.-C., Baron-Cohen, S., Allison, C., Smith, P., & Petrides, K. V. (2017). “Putting on my best normal”: Social camouflaging in adults with autism spectrum conditions. Autism, 21(5), 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316671012 Raymaker, D. M., Teo, A. R., Steckler, N. A., Lentz, B., Scharer, M., Delos Santos, A., … & Nicolaidis, C. (2020). “Having all of your internal resources exhausted beyond measure and being left with no clean-up crew”: Defining autistic burnout. Autism in Adulthood, 2(2), 132–143. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2019.0079 Mantzalas, J., Richdale, A. L., Adikari, A., Lowe, J., & Dissanayake, C. (2022). What Is Autistic Burnout? A thematic analysis of posts on two online platforms. Autism in Adulthood, 4(1), 52–65. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2021.0079 Lewis, L. F., et al. (2023). The lived experience of meltdowns for autistic adults. Autism, 27(7), 1787–1799. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221145783 Malik, J., et al. (2019). Emotional flooding in response to negative affect in romantic relationships. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy, 18(4), 327–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332691.2019.1641188 Gottman Institute. (2024, March 4). Making sure emotional flooding doesn’t capsize your relationship. Retrieved from https://www.gottman.com/blog/making-sure-emotional-flooding-doesnt-capsize-your-relationship/

Aug 12, 2025
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Fact Check: Drinking water contaminated with Pfas poses risks to human health. | TruthOrFake Blog