Fact Check: Deep state is Sweden

Fact Check: "Deep state is Sweden"

What We Know

The term "deep state" generally refers to a clandestine network within a government that operates independently of elected officials, often involving intelligence agencies and military entities. In the context of Sweden, the concept has been discussed by various scholars and commentators, notably by Ola Tunander, a research professor emeritus at the Peace Research Institute Oslo. Tunander has argued that Sweden exhibits characteristics of a "dual state," where a regular democratic structure coexists with a covert security apparatus that can override democratic processes. He posits that this "deep state" is involved in significant national security decisions, often in collaboration with foreign powers, particularly the United States.

Tunander's work has sparked considerable debate. While some support his views, others, including former high-ranking military officials, have criticized them as conspiracy theories lacking solid evidence (source-2). The Swedish government has also taken steps to address national security concerns, particularly in light of recent geopolitical tensions, indicating a heightened awareness of security issues (source-1).

Analysis

The claim that "deep state is Sweden" can be interpreted in multiple ways. On one hand, the notion of a "deep state" implies a hidden layer of governance that influences public policy behind the scenes. Tunander's concept of a "dual state" suggests that Sweden has such a structure, where military and intelligence operations may operate outside the purview of democratic accountability. His assertion is partly based on historical events, such as the submarine incidents during the Cold War, which he argues were manipulated by NATO and the CIA to create a narrative of Soviet aggression (source-2).

However, the reliability of Tunander's claims is contested. Critics, including former military leaders, argue that his theories lack empirical support and are overly conspiratorial. For instance, a government inquiry led by Rolf Ekéus concluded that while foreign submarines did violate Swedish waters, there was no conclusive evidence supporting Tunander's claims of staged incursions (source-2). This divergence in perspectives raises questions about the validity of the "deep state" concept in Sweden.

Moreover, the term "deep state" has been co-opted by various political movements and media, often leading to sensationalism and misinterpretation. For example, the term has been used in popular culture, such as in the YouTube series "Deep State Sweden", which may not accurately reflect the nuanced academic discussions surrounding the topic.

Conclusion

The claim that "deep state is Sweden" is Partially True. While there are elements of governance and security in Sweden that could be interpreted through the lens of a "deep state," particularly as articulated by Ola Tunander, the concept remains contentious and is not universally accepted. The existence of a covert security apparatus is debated, with significant pushback from credible sources. Thus, while there are valid discussions about the influence of military and intelligence in Swedish politics, the characterization of Sweden as a "deep state" oversimplifies a complex issue and is not fully substantiated.

Sources

1. Efforts to strengthen Sweden's security
2. Ola Tunander
3. The Epistemology of Secrecy: The Roles of Abduction in ...
4. Deep State Sweden - YouTube
5. Watch The Deep State
6. Deep state — Stockholms stadsbibliotek
7. Violent far-right groups in Sweden recruit boys as young ...
8. The neo-Nazi doxa, the deep state, and COVID-19