Fact Check: Are noise cancelling headphones to blame for young people hearing problems?

Are Noise-Cancelling Headphones to Blame for Young People Hearing Problems?

Introduction

Recent discussions have emerged regarding the potential link between the use of noise-cancelling headphones and hearing problems among young people. Some audiologists and researchers have raised concerns that prolonged exposure to these devices may contribute to auditory issues, while others argue that there is insufficient evidence to support such claims. This article aims to explore the available evidence and expert opinions surrounding this topic without reaching a definitive conclusion.

What We Know

1. Hearing Loss Prevalence: A study indicated that there is a 22.6% prevalence of hearing loss among adolescents who frequently use earphones in noisy environments, suggesting a correlation between headphone use and auditory issues 3.

2. Listening Levels: Research has shown that young adults often listen to music at potentially harmful levels for extended periods. The preferred listening levels (PLLs) can be measured objectively, revealing that many individuals exceed safe listening thresholds 2.

3. Audiologist Concerns: Some audiologists have expressed concerns that the overuse of noise-cancelling headphones may contribute to hearing problems. For instance, one audiologist noted that a patient who used such headphones for several hours daily might be at risk 4.

4. Lack of Direct Evidence: Despite the concerns, a review from the New York Times Wirecutter stated that there is no concrete evidence linking noise-cancelling headphones directly to auditory processing disorders or hearing loss, emphasizing that both regular and noise-cancelling headphones can be safe if used responsibly 5.

5. Calls for Further Research: The British Academy of Audiology has called for more research into the effects of noise-cancelling technology on young people's hearing, indicating that the current understanding is not comprehensive 7.

6. Survey Insights: A survey conducted by the British Academy of Audiology and ENT UK found that only 4% of audiologists believe noise-cancelling headphones are to blame for hearing issues, suggesting a divide in professional opinion on the matter 8.

Analysis

The evidence surrounding the claim that noise-cancelling headphones are responsible for hearing problems in young people is mixed and often anecdotal.

• Source Reliability: The studies cited, such as those published in peer-reviewed journals 123, provide a scientific basis for understanding the relationship between headphone use and hearing loss. However, the studies often focus on general headphone use rather than isolating the effects of noise-cancelling technology specifically.

• Expert Opinions: The opinions of audiologists vary significantly. While some express concern over the potential risks of prolonged headphone use 49, others argue that there is no direct evidence linking noise-cancelling headphones to hearing impairments 5. This discrepancy highlights the need for further research to clarify the relationship.

• Methodological Considerations: Many studies rely on self-reported data regarding headphone use and listening habits, which can introduce bias. Objective measurements of sound exposure and hearing thresholds would provide more reliable data.

• Potential Conflicts of Interest: Some sources, such as those affiliated with specific audiology practices or organizations, may have inherent biases that could influence their perspectives on headphone use and hearing health.

Conclusion

Verdict: Partially True

The claim that noise-cancelling headphones are to blame for hearing problems among young people is partially true. Evidence suggests a correlation between headphone use and hearing loss, particularly in noisy environments, with some audiologists expressing concern over prolonged use. However, there is currently no direct evidence linking noise-cancelling headphones specifically to auditory processing disorders or hearing loss. The mixed opinions among experts and the call for further research indicate that while there are valid concerns, the relationship is not fully understood.

It is important to note that much of the existing research relies on self-reported data, which may introduce bias, and the studies often do not isolate the effects of noise-cancelling technology from general headphone use. This uncertainty underscores the need for more rigorous, controlled studies to better understand the potential risks.

Readers are encouraged to critically evaluate information regarding headphone use and hearing health, considering the nuances and limitations of the current evidence.

Sources

1. T Hoshina et al., "Effects of an Active Noise Control Technology Applied to Earphones," PMC, 2022. Link
2. "Headphones and Other Risk Factors for Hearing in Young Adults," PMC, 2020. Link
3. HY Seol et al., "Influence of the Noise-Canceling Technology on How We Hear," PMC, 2022. Link
4. "Audiologists raise concern over headphone use in young people," BBC, 2025. Link
5. "There's No Evidence That Noise-Cancelling Headphones Cause Auditory Processing Disorder," New York Times, 2025. Link
6. "Are Noise-Cancelling Headphones Causing Hearing Issues In Young People?" NDTV, 2025. Link
7. "Hearing Diagnostics study suggests headphones may change the way young people hear," Hearing Practitioner News, 2025. Link
8. "BBC News: Are noise-cancelling headphones to blame for young people's hearing problems?" UCL, 2025. Link
9. "Are noise-cancelling headphones impairing our hearing?" The Guardian, 2025. Link