Fact Check: "90% of locals depend on coca cultivation for survival"
What We Know
The claim that "90% of locals depend on coca cultivation for survival" suggests an overwhelming reliance on coca farming among local populations in Colombia. However, this assertion lacks substantial backing from credible sources.
According to a report by the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), while coca cultivation is significant in Colombia, it does not dominate the livelihoods of the majority of the population. The report indicates that in 2020, coca cultivation reached approximately 245,000 hectares, which is substantial but does not equate to 90% of the local population relying on it for their survival (ONDCP).
Furthermore, a study titled "Schooling Decisions and Coca Production in Colombia" highlights that while coca provides income for some farmers, it is not the sole source of livelihood for most communities. The study emphasizes the importance of alternative livelihoods and the need for economic development in these regions (Angulo, 2024).
Analysis
The claim's validity hinges on the interpretation of "dependence" on coca cultivation. The ONDCP report and the research by Angulo suggest that while coca cultivation plays a role in the economy of certain rural areas, it is not the exclusive means of survival for the vast majority of locals.
The ONDCP's data indicates that coca cultivation has been a significant source of income, particularly in regions where economic opportunities are limited. However, the assertion that 90% of locals depend on it is an exaggeration. The majority of rural populations engage in a variety of agricultural practices and other forms of livelihood, which include legal crops and other economic activities (Crisis Group).
Moreover, the reliability of the sources used to support the claim is questionable. The ONDCP is a government body that provides data based on extensive research and surveys, making it a credible source. In contrast, the claim itself appears to be anecdotal and lacks empirical support from rigorous studies or statistical data.
Conclusion
The claim that "90% of locals depend on coca cultivation for survival" is False. While coca cultivation is an important economic activity in certain regions of Colombia, it does not account for the livelihoods of 90% of the local population. The evidence suggests that many locals engage in diverse agricultural practices and economic activities beyond coca farming.